[化学論文のための英語講座] 第8回：Pop Quiz 2

(English version is here.)

下記の文章を的確な表現にするために、下線部を直してみましょう。

(1) Trace amounts of Ni influenced in the catalytic performance.
答：「in」を削除
influence(-s, -d)は他動詞なので、正しい文型は [A] influence(-s, -d) [B] となり前置詞は用いません。
訳文：微量のNiが触媒の性能に影響を与えた。

(2) The bulky alkyl groups influenced to the stereochemical outcome.
答：「to」を削除
１と同じなので前置詞は用いません。
訳文：かさ高いアルキル基は、立体化学的な結果に影響を与えた。

(3) Temperature has a strong influence for the luminescence.
答：has a strong influence on
正しい文型は [A] has influence on [B] ですので「has a strong influence on」になります。これは慣用句として覚えてください。
訳文：発光には温度が大きく影響している。

(4) The effective nucleophilicity is influenced from the solvent.
答：is influenced by
正しい文型は [A] is influenced by [B] ですので「is influenced by」になります。これも慣用句です。
訳文：効率的な求核性は、溶媒に影響される。

(5) The acidity of the metal center has a pronounced influence with the reaction.
答：onまたはin
正しい文型は [A] has influence on [B] ですので「has a pronounced influence on」になります。ですが、「reaction」は「反応そのもの」だけではなく、「反応している場所」と考えることもできますので「has a pronounced influence in」も言えます。
訳文：金属中心の酸性度は、反応に顕著な影響を与える。

問題(3), (5)での「has...influence」では「influence」は名詞の役割を持ち、問題(4)では「is influenced」は受身形ですので前置詞を用います。

次回は「現在完了形と過去完了形」です。また、次回から公開日を第1木曜日と第3木曜日に変更いたします。

Pop Quiz 2

In the sentences below, correct the underlined portion to give a proper expression.

(1) Trace amounts of Ni influenced in the catalytic performance.
Answer: delete "in"
Influence(-s, -d) is a transitive verb, and thus the correct form is "A influence(-s, -d) B". A preposition is not used.

(2) The bulky alkyl groups influenced to the stereochemical outcome.
Answer: delete "to"
Like problem 1, a preposition is not used.

(3) Temperature has a strong influence for the luminescence.
Answer: correct from "for " to "on"
The correct form is "A has influence on B", so the correct expression is "has a strong influence on". This should be remembered as an idiomatic expression.

(4) The effective nucleophilicity is influenced from the solvent.
Answer: correct from "from" to "by"
The correct form is "A is influenced by B". This is also an idiomatic expression.

(5) The acidity of the metal center has a pronounced influence with the reaction.
Answer: correct from "with" to "on " or "in"
The correct form is "A has influence on B", so the correct expression is "has a pronounced influence on". However, "reaction" can be thought of as not only an action, but also as a place where a reaction occurs. In this case, it would be correct to say, "has a pronounced influence in".

Note: In problems (3) and (5), "has...influence" results in "influence" functioning as a noun and in problem (4), "is influenced" is in passive voice. In these cases a preposition is used.

We will discuss Present Perfect and Past Perfect Tenses at next time. We also inform to post on the first and third Thursday since next time.