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2009, Vol. 38 No. 1-12
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| Dec. 2009, Vol.38 No.12
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On behalf of the Editorial Board of Chemistry Letters,
it is with the greatest regret we announce to our Readers
that this Highlight Review article should be retracted.
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| 1122 |
Recent Progress in the Chemistry of Quintuple Bonds |
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Yi-Chou Tsai and Chih-Chieh Chang |
| [Full Text PDF(J-STAGE)] |
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| Nov. 2009, Vol.38 No.11
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Web Release Date:
October 17, 2009
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| 1010 |
Sparkling Morphological Changes and Spontaneous Movements of Self-assemblies in Water Induced by Chemical Reactions |
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Kentaro Suzuki, Taro Toyota, Katsuto Takakura, and Tadashi Sugawara |
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This review covers the drastic morphological changes, including division or birthing dynamics, and even spontaneous movements performed by molecular self-assemblies constructed by reactive amphiphiles with the imine group that connects hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties. It turns out that the formation (dehydrocondensation) of such amphiphiles or their cleavage (hydrolysis) into individual moieties occurs depending on the reaction fields, such as in membranes, or at interfaces between water and self-assemblies constructed by the amphiphiles. Moreover these chemical conversions induce outstanding dynamics aforementioned. Hence these findings give a hint to understand hierarchical dynamics occurring in a living system. |
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| Oct. 2009, Vol.38 No.10
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Web Release Date:
August 29, 2009
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| 938 |
Spectroscopic and Excited-state Properties of Triarylboranes and Their Transition-metal Complexes |
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Noboru Kitamura, Eri Sakuda, and Yuki Ando |
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Spectroscopic and photophysical properties of triarylboranes and their transition-metal complexes are reported in special references to the roles of the characteristic charge-transfer interactions between the π orbital of the aryl group (π(aryl)) and the vacant p orbital on the boron atom (p(B)), π(aryl)–p(B) CT, in the electronically excited state. |
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| Sep. 2009, Vol.38 No.9
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Web Release Date:
August 1, 2009
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| 870 |
Development of High-performance n-Type Organic Field-effect Transistors Based on Nitrogen Heterocycles |
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Yoshiro Yamashita |
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Nitrogen heterocycles containing C=N double bonds have electron-accepting properties and can be used as n-type semiconductors for organic field-effect transistors. Thiazole, benzothiadiazole, pyrazine, and related heterocycles have been incorporated in π-conjugated systems. The effects of the structures and electron affinity of the heterocycles on transistor characteristics have been investigated here. |
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| Aug. 2009, Vol.38 No.8
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Web Release Date:
June 27, 2009
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| 754 |
Regulation of Interparticle Interaction of Metallic Nanoparticles Dispersible in Water: Dispersion, Controlled Assembly, and Formation of Particle Crystals |
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Keisaku Kimura |
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Regulation of the lyophilicity and lyophobicity of a particle is very important for controlling interparticle interactions in solution. Through these interactions, we can precisely tune the formation of regular nanoparticle arrays and superlattices to create new materials. We demonstrate methods of controlling interparticle interactions that are effective for the formation of high-quality nanoparticle crystals. Unexpected electronic properties in high-quality superlattices were observed. |
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| July 2009, Vol.38 No.7
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Web Release Date:
June 13, 2009
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Electro- and Photoactive Molecular Assemblies of Liquid Crystals and Physical Gels |
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Takashi Kato and Kana Tanabe |
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Self-organized structures of liquid crystals and self-assembled fibers have great potential as new functional materials. This article highlights self-organization of π-conjugated molecules, leading to the induction of photonic, electronic, and electrochemical properties. |
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Web Release Date:
June 13, 2009
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Nonenzymatic Regioselective Acylation of Carbohydrates |
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Takeo Kawabata and Takumi Furuta |
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A nonenzymatic one-step procedure for the chemo- and regioselective acylation of carbohydrates has been developed. With 1 mol % of an organocatalyst, acylation of octyl β-D-glucopyranoside took place preferentially on the secondary hydroxy group at C(4) among four hydroxy groups including the primary hydroxy group at C(6) in 99% selectivity and in 98% yield. This could be alternatively achieved by a conventional protection/deprotection procedure via five steps and in 46% overall yield. Thus, development of the present process is expected to contribute to extremely shorten synthetic routes for carbohydrates. |
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| Jun. 2009, Vol.38 No.6
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Web Release Date:
April 25, 2009
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| 512 |
Synthesis of Several Types of Bridged Nucleic Acids |
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S. M. Abdur Rahman, Takeshi Imanishi, and Satoshi Obika |
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A number of bridged nucleic acids with conformationally locked sugar moiety were synthesized from the readily accessible sugar derivatives. The conformations of the sugar moiety of the bridged nucleic acids (BNAs) are locked to either N-type or S-type sugar puckering. This article summarizes the synthesis of these nucleic acid analogues. |
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| May 2009, Vol.38 No.5
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Web Release Date:
March 28, 2009
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| 386 |
Molecular Structures on Solid Substrates Probed by Sum Frequency Generation (SFG) Vibration Spectroscopy |
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Shen Ye and Masatoshi Osawa |
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Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibration spectroscopy is a powerful tool to study interfacial structures of organic thin films on solid substrates at a molecular level. The unique structural information obtained from SFG is essential to design and control functionalities of surfaces and interfaces. Recent advances in SFG spectroscopy are reviewed. |
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| Apr. 2009, Vol.38 No.4
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Web Release Date:
February 28, 2009
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Proposed Mechanisms for HOOOH Formation in Two Typical Enzyme Reactions Responsible for Superoxide Anion Production in Biological Systems |
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Masahiro Kohno, Emiko Sato, Noriko Yaekashiwa, Takayuki Mokudai, and Yoshimi Niwano |
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In two typical enzyme reaction systems producing reactive oxygen species, hypoxanthine–xanthine oxidase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidation, we postulate the existence of an intermediate oxygen species derived from O2−• and •OH, as in the following reaction.
O2−• + H+ + •OH → HOOOH |
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| Mar. 2009, Vol.38 No.3
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Web Release Date:
February 14, 2009
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| 194 |
Synthesis and Structure-specific Functions of Patchy Nanoparticles |
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Toshiharu Teranishi, Masaki Saruyama, and Masayuki Kanehara |
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Anisotropically phase-segregated nanoparticles, so-called patchy nanoparticles, are promising materials because the close coupling of different components on the nanoscale may significantly improve the application performance or even create new properties. We demonstrate that the seed-mediated growth method is quite effective to synthesize various kinds of patchy nanoparticles consisting of a combination of metals, metal sulfides, and metal oxides. |
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| Feb. 2009, Vol.38 No.2
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Web Release Date:
December 27, 2008
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| 104 |
Lanthanide Luminescent Bioprobes (LLBs) |
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Jean-Claude G. Bünzli |
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Lanthanide luminescent bioprobes (LLBs) are emerging as essential tools in immunoassays, bioaffinity assays, and cellular microscopy imaging and sensing thanks to their time-resolved capability and multicolor potentiality. |
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| Jan. 2009, Vol.38 No.1
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Web Release Date:
November 29, 2008
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Task Specific Ionic Liquids for Cellulose Technology |
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Hiroyuki Ohno and Yukinobu Fukaya |
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Design of ionic liquids for dissolution, depolymerization, and energy conversion of cellulose derivatives is described. For their design, physicochemical properties such as polarity and hydrogen-bonding ability of the ionic liquids is important, and some practical approaches to prepare novel ionic liquids as solvents for cellulose technology are reviewed. |
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Web Release Date:
November 29, 2008
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Synthesis of Biologically Active Carbazole Alkaloids Using Selective Transition-metal-catalyzed Coupling Reactions |
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Hans-Joachim Knölker |
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Highly convergent syntheses of substituted carbazoles are most conveniently achieved using organometallic chemistry. Construction of the carbazole framework via the iron-mediated route proceeds by a sequence of C–C and C–N bond formation. In the highly efficient palladium-catalyzed route the C–N bond is formed first followed by generation of the C–C bond. This article highlights some recent developments and applications to the total synthesis of biologically active carbazole alkaloids. |
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